model qq Essay Example

model qq Essay SCIENCE SOURCES OF ENERGY {SAMPLE QUESTION AND ANSWER} 1 . Which of following is more environment friendly? Burning of coal (b) burning of fire wood (c) burning of charcoal (d) Burning of diesel. 2. Major problem in harnessing nuclear energy is to split heavy nucleus (b) sustain nuclear reactions (c) Convert nuclear energy into electricity (d) dispose off nuclear waste. 3. Fusion reaction is also known as chemical reaction (b) elastic scattering (c) thermonuclear reaction (d) photo nuclear reaction 4. India exploded her first under ground nuclear device at Ranchi (b) Kota (c) Jaipur d) Pokhran 5. Although charcoal is a clean and deter source of heat energy yet it cannot be used as a domestic fuel because it cause environmental pollution (b) produce less heat energy (c) cannot be stored easily (d) is expensive fuel 6. Write two advantages of using solar cooker? 7. Suggest two ways to reduce energy consumption? 8. What is geothermal energy? Write its advantages? 9. Why are many thermal power plants set up near coal or oil fields? (2) 10. Name three forms in which energy from ocean is made available for use. What are OTEC power plants? How do they operate? (3) 11. List three forms of energy we use when we wake up from morning till we reach the school. Also from where we get these different forms of energy? (3) 12. Compare and contrast bio- mass and hydro-electricity as source of energy. The production cost of hydroelectricity is cheaper than the electricity produced in a thermal power station. Explain why? 13. What kind of mirror concave, convex or plane would be best suited for the use in a solar cooker. Why? What is the role of glass sheet used in a solar cooker? We will write a custom essay sample on model qq specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on model qq specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on model qq specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Also write two disadvantages of using a solar cooker? 14. (i) What is biogas? Name two main combustible components of biogas? What is the use of spent slurry in a biogas plant? (iii) Name the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of slurry in the digester? ANSWERS 6. (i) Pollution free Nutrition value of food is preserved when food is cooked inside a solar cooker. 7. (i) Fuels used for burning must be extinguished as soon as their use is over. (it) Bulb, fans and other electrical appliances must be switched off as you leave your room. . The heat energy obtained from hot rocks present in earths crust of geo thermal energy. The advantages of geo thermal energy are- i) Environment friendly. (it) Cost of converting geo-thermal energy into electricity is less. 9. The thermal power plants are usually set up near coal or oil fields so that the fuel is easily available and the problem of air pollution while transporting the fuel may be minimized. 10. (i) Muscular energy to perform different activities like taking bath, climbing stairs and muscular energy comes from food we eat. it) Fossil fuel energy used in bus or car to reach the school and this energy come from fossil fuels like petrol, diesel and CNG. (iii) Chemical energy in the form of breakfast and it lso comes from the food we eat. 11. (i) Tidal energy (it) Ocean waves energy (iii) Ocean thermal energy OTEC power plants are ocean thermal energy conversion plants. For operating OTEC temperature difference of 200C or more between the surface water of ocean and inside water of ocean is required to boil liquid like ammonia or chlorofluorocarbon (CFC). The vapors of the liquid at high pressure used to rotate the turbine of the generator to produce electricity. 12. BIOMASS HYDROELECTRICITY 1 . Energy supplied by the burning of biomass causes pollution. 2. Energy can obtained by burning it directly or by a gobar gas plant. . lt does not cause any pollution. 2. Hydroelaectricity can be obtained by constructing dams. In a thermal power station coal is burnt to produce electricity where as hydroelectricity is produced by allowing the water to fall on turbines. Water in rivers is available free of cost but the cost of extracting and transporting coal is very high. 13. Concave mirror will be best suited for the use in solar cooker because it concentrates all the sunlight to a point after reflection from the mirror and thus raises the temperature of that point. Plane glass plate does not allow the infrared or eat radiation entered in the box to go outside the box thus heating the box and creating green house effect. The two disadvantages of using a solar cooker are (i) Food cannot be cooked at night and on a cloudy day by using a solar cooker. it) Food cannot be cooked quickly by using a solar cooker. 14. (i) Biogas is a mixture of various gases formed when the animal dung mixed with water is allowed to decompose in the absence of air. The two combustible component of biogas are CH4 and H2 gas. (it) The spent slurry in biogas plant is rich in nitrogen and phosphorous required for the growth of plants and hence can be used as a manure. iii) An aerobic micro- organism. 1 . A solar cooker may not cook food if. (1) (a) Interior of the box and the container of food are perfectly shining. b) Glass sheet over the box is not closed. (c) Solar cooker is placed in the shade. (d) All the above. 2. Radiations which are harmful to the living organisms are (1) (a) Infrared radiation. (b) ultraviolet radiations (c) Visible radiation. (d) micro waves 3. Solar cells are made of (1) (a) metals (b) insulator (c)semi conductors (d) none of these 4. The main constituent of CNG is (1) (a) butane (b) methane (c) ethane (d) propane 5. Which of the following is not a bio mass energy source? (1) (a) gobar gas (b) coal (c) wood (d) nuclear energy 6. Hydro power is a renewable source of energy. Justify. (2) 7. Write two qualities of an ideal source of energy? (2) 8. What are the advantages of nuclear energy? (2) 9. Name two activities in our daily life in which solar energy is used? (2) 10. (a) Distinguish between renewable and non- renewable sources of energy? (b) Choose the renewable source of energy from the following list: coal, biogas, sun, natural gas. 1 1 . (a) name the device used to convert (i) Solar energy in to heat and it) solar energy in to electricity. (b) explain the working of windmill (3) 12. What is biogas? How can biogas be obtained? Why is the use of biogas obtained from cow dung advised in preference to burning of cow dung cakes? (3) 13. What are the limitations of extracting energy from (a) the wind (b) waves (c) tides (3) 14. A student constructed a box type solar cooker. He found that if did not work Efficiently. What could this be due to? Give any four possible mistakes in the solar construction and operation of the cooker what maximum temperature Can ordinarily be reached inside a solar cooker? . (d) All the above 2. (b) Ultraviolet 3. (a) Seine conductors 4. b) Methane 5. (d) Nuclear energy 6. Hydro power is a renewable source of energy because if is derived from the renewable source of energy i. e. Sun. 7. The tow qualities of an ideal source if energy are- (i) It does not cause environ mental pollution- (it) Economical. 8. Advantages of nuclear energy- (i) A small quantity of fuel provides large amount of energy. (it) The nuclear fuel once inserted in nuclear power plant give s large amount of energy for a longer period of time. 9. (i) For cooking food using solar cookers. For drying clothes and food grains. 10. a) Difference between renewable and non-renewable sources : Renewable Sources Non-Renewable Sources The sources of energy which can never be finished and are continuously supplied by nature are known as renewable sources of energy. The sources of energy which are exhaustible (can be finished) and took lots of time to be formed again are known as non-renewable sources of energy. For example : Wind, the Sun, Bio-Gas, Hydro-power etc For example : Coal, Natural Gas, Petroleum etc. (b) Biogas and the sun are renewable sources of energy 11 . (a) (i) Solar cooker it) Solar cell. b) When the wind blows with a minimum speed of 1 5km/hr, the kinetic energy of the wind is used to rotate the blades of wind mill. The rotation energy of the blades is used to rotate the armature of the generator and generator in turn produce electricity. 12. Biogas is a mixtur e of gases namely methane, C02, H2 and H2S. it is obtained from an aerobic decomposition of cow dung and plants and animal wastes in a biogas plants. Biogas is advised for burning in preference to burning of cow- dung cakes because: (i) it cause no air pollution (it) It is a cheaper source of energy. 13. ) Wind energy is not sufficient to operate heavy machines and moreover it is limited to a certain place. (b) Energy of the waves can be extracted only if strong wind blows all the time across the sea. (c) Tidal power plant can extract the tidal energy from the water levels of high tide and low tide is very large. 14. He might have committed some mistakes. (i) Interior of the solar cooker not painted in black colour. (it) Instead of glass sheet, plastic sheet is used to cover it. (iii) Solar cooker is without insulation. (iv) Black containers have not been used. Maximum temperature is 1400C in solar cooker.

The Real America Professor Ramos Blog

The Real America Mario Jimenez Professor Ramos English 261 8 April 2019 There has always been a great debate on what America really stands for. If it is its own being or just a mesh of various cultures, a hybrid of a sort that has yet to identify itself. For decades after the founding of the country many authors were drawn to the forms of writing based on their European counterparts. This was because there were no American writers to which piggyback off. However soon many writers began to find their own voice and while not completely unique there were sparks that seemed to give America a voice. Soon after many great writers began to emerge, and different voices and platforms were provided but there was still an ever-present question, did America have an identity? The question still resonates today and there is a belief that due to its uniqueness everything that encompasses American literature hints at its reality. The American identity cannot be something completely defined. It is a sense of belonging and a pride that is unlike any other. In Carl Sandburg’s â€Å"Chicago† and Langston Hughes â€Å"I, too† we deal with two of America’s most prolific writers. While they discuss different subject matters in the sense that one seems to focus on a city and the other on people, they both seem to go beyond and claim to know what the identity of the country consists of. They take all the criticism they have heard of this nation and are trying to revert that into a sense of pride. It is surmised that while they are not ignorant to these issues, they are well aware that before anything can be changed, it needs to first be addressed effectively. While these changes will need time to be defined as successful, both poets are absolutely sure that these issues will be confronted in a proficient way. â€Å"Chicago† and â€Å"I, too† are poems that not only discuss daily life in America but seek to highlight it and then further seek to define what the country is as a whole. Firstly in â€Å"Chicago† Sandburg discusses how a large portion of the population views the city in a very negative light, while he loves and adore it. He goes on to admit that the city does have its share of evil, but it has a lot more to offer. It is the soul and heart of the great nation he lives in. He specifically admits that they due in fact have prostitutes, killers and starving families but so does every great city in America. In fact, if it were not for the title this could have been viewed as any other major city in this era. Of course, Chicago has a specific place in his heart and goes on to make sure that it is apparent that this is the city he is discussing. After the city became known by some of the language he uses but was not the case prior. â€Å"Sandburg wrote for the masses, in a plainspoken language that readers would understand. The dazzling styles of Sandburg’s modernist peers, in contrast, were often difficult, allusive, or opaque. Sandburg forged an accessible modernism that was partly informed by his leftist political impulses. He not only wanted to write about the working classes, but he also wanted to be read by them† (Olson). So, in a broader sense Chicago symbolizes the United States. While a relatively new country the United Sates has been characterized as a country in constant growth. It is constantly building and expanding, life is rarely ever dull within this country. It has its share of problems, but nowhere will you find prouder people of all sorts and walks of life. In â€Å"I, too† Langston Hughes seems to focus within the context of a house which symbolizes the country. â€Å"Hughes conveys a message of black resilience through tone, repetition and metaphor. He speaks directly to an audience in his opening lines. I, Too, Sing America. I am the darker brother. By positioning America as an interlocutor, Hughes separates himself from his audience, forcing us to question both the speakers identity and Americas.† (McCormick 20) He goes on to say that it requires a lot of people to maintain the house and that while you like to show it off when it is clean, there is a lack of transparency on how this cleanliness was achieved. He knows that we are still in the early stages of development as a country and although equality was something that should have been achieved much sooner, it will come one day. As a people, the African Americans have so much to offer that he states that one day people will remember in shame. Likewise, the United States has been a beacon of light for other countries. While there have been cases where it has gone beyond help and have overreached, without the United States it would have been a much darker world. As mentioned no one person or country can be perfect every single time, but the resilience and pride will remain. Ultimately both poems deal in the inner and outer appearance of the United States. One is embodied by the City of Chicago and the other by the house one inhabits. They both have good and bad, but there is constant progress being made in these fronts. As a people and as a country, they are defined by the will to overcome any obstacle. America will defeat any enemy that gets in its way even when sometimes it is its own people that are hindering it. In times of turmoil it has been proven that the people of this nation will do what is right. It may require time and a key political figure but once we obtain the necessary movement, there is nothing that can slow it down. Sometimes these movement will go array and head in the opposite direction but eventually they are put back on course. That is something this country is famous for, the refusal to stay stagnant. There is a course of action even when it is sometimes erroneous but there is never a sense of apathy. This is a constant, which contradicts the previous notion but as a country it is evident that there is always room for improvement.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sandburg and Hughes implement different writing techniques to portray their vision of America, but it cannot be disputed that they were proud of their country. In a sense both authors called for action, to not let other people’s perspective dampen or limit your nation. It is a certainty that no one place can be deemed perfect because they are man-made, and man is flawed. There is also no use of complex language, but the meaning is one that makes the reader think and assess. It is for the people and their sheer tenacity for life is a trademark. The United States has been formed just by that tenacity and self-love of its citizens. One does not need the approval of another but if one work hard that approval will come regardless if one seeks it or not. Pride in one’s country has always been seen as a patriotic but when one loves his country when it has been anything but loving to its citizens, it is irreproachable and what these poe ts deserve. As mentioned it is easy to love when everything goes well, but true love is apparent when everything is falling apart. Works Cited McCormick, Jennifer. â€Å"Reading Langston Hughes.† California English, vol. 15, no. 5, June 2010, pp. 20-23. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=ehhAN=50881507site=ehost-live. Hughes, Langston. â€Å"I, Too.† The Norton Anthology of American Literature. edited by Robert S. Levine, Baym, and Nina, 2013, pp. 1039. Sandburg, Carl. â€Å"Chicago.† The Norton Anthology of American Literature. edited by Robert S. Levine, Baym, and Nina, 2013, pp. 764 Olson, Liesl. â€Å"Carl Sandburgs Chicago: Stormy, Husky, Brawling at 100.†Los Angeles Review of Books, lareviewofbooks.org/article/carl-sandburgs-chicago-stormy-husky-brawling-at- 100/#!

WRITING FOR SMALL INDIE PUBLISHERS

WRITING FOR SMALL INDIE PUBLISHERS Between the behemoth Big Six and the self-publishing path is a plethora of other markets seeking quality fiction. Some small indie publishers have even seen their authors rise to the top of the New York Times, USA Today, and Kindle bestseller lists, with books available in bookstores nationwide. Yet chatter in the industry rarely discusses theses successes. These smaller, independent publishers produce a wide range of genres from nonfiction to science fiction to erotica. Many publish only in electronic format, but many also produce paperback, hardback, and audiobook versions. They tend to have less restrictive contracts, higher royalties, and are more willing to take cross-genre, experimental or hard to define works. They offer professional editing, cover art, and many even provide regular promotion or easy access to promotional outlets for their authors. Advantages of Small Presses: While they usually cater to a niche market, small presses often allow a great deal of freedom within that market. Also, indie niche markets are often ones the bigger publishers don’t focus on at all due to smaller readership. So if you have a difficult to categorize book that combines urban fantasy, speculative fiction and erotica, for example, a smaller publisher might snap it up. Many small presses pay royalties monthly, so you get your money more quickly and more regularly than you might from a publisher following a traditional model. Most pay royalties from 30% to 50% on e-book sales- considerably higher than the Big Six publishers offer. Disadvantages: Most small Indies don’t pay advances. Those that do generally offer very small ones- a few hundred dollars rather than a few thousand. However, this is often offset These presses are small. In many cases, youll be looking at selling hundreds of copies rather than thousands. But in most cases your book will take off more quickly than if you self publish, because a small press has a built-in group of loyal readers who will buy anything the company publishes. Breaking In: As with any publisher, lead with your best work. Indie pubs are not in the business of buying that early piece thats been rejected Follow submission guidelines. These can include genre, word count, formatting, whether or not simultaneous submissions are allowed, and sometimes, specific requirements within the genre. Again, I see many submissions where the author obviously didnt take to time to read the guidelines and has sent material that doesnt fit the publishers needs. Some Small Press Markets: Samhain Publishing Romance, urban fantasy, horror, retro romance Eggplant Literary Productions Speculative fiction Etopia Press Urban fantasy, science fiction, fantasy, horror, literary fiction Musa Publishing A variety of genres including speculative fiction, romance, historical, mystery and young adult Noble Romance Various romance subgenres Changeling Press Erotica

DisciplineThief Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

DisciplineThief - Essay Example It is significant to understand that foodstuff is important for the development of the human body. This is a very great problem because the clinic may lose its credits and this is very wrong. When the company does not perform as expected by the general society, there is a likely possibility that it will fail. On the societal front, it is very difficult for a society to move ahead with these amounts of crime. Criminals are not well perceived in any society because these petty crimes are the ones that lead to even greater and more harmful crimes. Therefore, it is paramount to understand the best means through which to get rid of this vice in the company. The reason for eliminating this crime is that despite the fact that it does not hold a direct effect on a person it has indirect effects. There is also the analysis of the problem that is very effective in ensuring that it is completely eliminated. In this case, the most important step to take is understanding the major causes of the problems. The reason as to why the employees feel inclined to steal from the company is the laxity in the management of the organization. As witnessed, the chief accountant is a regular drunk that makes him an easy target from the manner in which he is not always aware of the activities in the company (Osland, 1997). A major cause of the problem is the attitude of the accountant. The accountant is rather harsh to the employees and this is from the manner in which he even addresses them. This is a reason that may make the employees get a sense of rebellion and want not to feel intimidated. They carry out their rebellion by going against the clinic’s principles and deciding to steal. Maria also caused the problem by simply trying to appear nice to her fellow employees by offering them free foodstuff. This is a common problem because there are people that naturally feel the need to gain popularity and the best manner through which to do this is

Inheritance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Inheritance - Essay Example (a) Direct transfer to the successor: this is used within continental Europe, also other countries that have imitated their civil law systems. It also was in use under the English feudal system for land. This facet of the law hereditary from England subsisted in Qld. (b) Dual scheme of transfer: valuable and delegated succession, concerning individual representatives such as the perpetrator, the management, the public trustee, sharing the legal identity on death also supervising the property for the profit of creditors with beneficiaries. This scheme is now embraced commonly within the common law jurisdictions. The major benefit of this system is more capable supervision, through one individual or else a group of people acting together as being accountable. This is a lot easier for the creditors. 3. By way of family provision legislation below which a Court may perhaps diverge the provisions of the will of the departed if inadequate provision is made for the wife, kids or added dependants of the departed. This restricts the testator's liberty of testation1. Case 1 ) Alex needs to draft a will , firsthand within that will he needs to specify that he intends to , give as gift to his sister one of his , Chattels personal: These are the tangible goods, which can be stroked like the fixtures, clothing, wristwatches and so on. He will need to specify Contingent legacy, which is a gift within a will which relies on a specific incident taking place. As a Trustee Claire and Doreen hold his property and maintain it on his behalf. Form Alex can use his Will, which would be a legal document to leave as a gift his painting when he dies. Legally, a trust is a link which subsists when an asset is taken by individuals known as the Trustees for the advantage of another individual known as the beneficiaries. The Trustees have the power and lawful rights of the assets however they are required to use their powers only for the advantage of the Beneficiaries. As by law no gift is made when the Trust is recognized, there are no inheritance tax inferences. Now in this case because the situations recognizes a trust , Alex can besides his will also do the following to make sure the gift is given to his sister after his death: Alex must think about utilizing the element of a Discretionary Gift Trust. In this way Alex can hold on to plasticity over the selection of the eventual Beneficiaries i.e. the individuals who will obtain the profits below the trust. These Beneficiaries consist of the Settlor's wife, keeping in view the fact that she too is not the Settlor, children and grandchildren, brothers as well as sisters plus their matter as well as any individual designated by the Settlors to the Trustees in script. This means, Alex can do this by initially drawing a will and then convening a discretionary gift trust, both of these acts will make it easier for his sister to be receive the gift he wants her to have

A Perfect Day for Bananafish :: Perfect Day Bananafish

A Perfect Day for Bananafish Picture walking into a hotel room and finding a man dead on a bed. Upon closer inspection it becomes obvious that he has supposedly taken his own life with the gun that lay beside him. In talking to his wife who was asleep on the bed next to him when this incident occurred, it is learned that he just walked in the door and shot himself late the previous night. Out of the many questions that could be asked from this story, I believe that it is probably extremely important to consider why the main character, Seymour Glass, decided to commit suicide. What I believe to be the reason for Seymour’s suicide has two basic components: the spiritual depravity of the world around him, and his struggle with his own spiritual shortcomings. The spiritual problem of the outside world is mostly a matter of material greed, especially in the west, and materialism. On the other hand, his own spiritual problem is more a matter of intellectual greed and true spiritualism. In addressing the suicide, the difference should be distinguished between the "See More Glass" that we see through little Sybil’s eyes, and the Seymour Glass that we see through the eyes of the adult world. Even though these two characters are in theory the same man, they are slightly different in some ways. You could also say that they are the same character in different stages of development. Whatever the case may be, the "reasons" for the suicide shift slightly in emphasis as the character changes. "A Perfect Day for Bananafish" attempts to symbolize that the bananas in See More Glass’s story represent all of the things which are taken in along the journey to adulthood. If pursued with too much zeal, these bananas can prevent spiritual development and lead to a greater materialistic development. See-More has realized that he cannot get rid of enough bananas to make any further spiritual progress in this life, so, rather than waste time, he commits suicide. This is slightly obvious when he is taking the elevator back up to his room on the night of the suicide. His fixation upon his feet, which do not resemble the childlike feet that he desires to have, and the woman in the elevator’s scorn towards Seymour’s accusing her of staring at his feet, drive him to dislike the adult world even more.

Lab Results Fermenter

I. OBJECTIVES: To determine the amount of anti-microbial peptide production by Staphylococcus warneri under various conditions when 2L and 10L Fermented. To Test the effects of one uncontrolled parameters sush as pH, Temperature or dissolved Oxygen and compare findings. To produce anti-microbial activity from Staphylococcus warneri. II. INTRODUCTION: Staphylococcus warneri is a member of bacterial genus Staphylococcus, consisting of Gram-positive bacteria with spherical cells appearing in clusters. Colonies of S. warneri are usually tan, yellow and about 2-4mm in diameter after 48 hours incubation at 35 °C.It is commonly found as part of the skin flora on humans and animals. S. warneri rarely causes disease, but may occasionally cause infection in patients whose immune system is compromised. S. warneri is known to produce antimicrobial peptide activity in the form of Nisin. The optimum conditions for this to occur are pH 7. Nisin is a polycylic antibacterial peptide with 34 amino a cid residues used as a food preservative. It is produced by bacterium and which contains antimicrobial activity and which is known as a bacteriocin. Nisin has been found to have properties that can control spoilage caused by lactic acid bacteria.It is used in processed cheese, meats, beverages, etc. during production to extend shelf life by suppresing Gram-positive spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. In food it is common to use Nisin at levels depending on the food type regulatory approval. Nisin cannot be produced chemically therefore it has to be synthesised using fermentation. During fermentation various stages of growth occur and as a result different conditions can occur during this fermentation process, eg pH, most organisms produce acid as they grow and therefore in the Lag phase ( a period of adptation for the cells to their new environment, new enzymes are ynthesized) and in the lag phase can produce alkaline substances and therefore pH plays an important role in efficient fe rmentation. As acid is produced alkaline substance needs to be added to the process to maintain the optimum pH of 7 and likewise in the lag phase when alkaline substances are produced, acidic substance needs to be added to maintain the pH, temperature, and oxygen. III. MATERIALS AND METHODS:â€Å"As per manual. † IV. RESULTS: TABLE 1. 1 History Plot Vessel 1 – 2L NO Temperature control: TABLE 1. 2 History Plot Vessel 2 – 2L NO Air Flow: TABLE 1. History Plot Vessel 3 – 2L NO pH control: TABLE 1. 4 History Plot Vessel 4 – 2L Optimum conditions: TABLE 1. 5 History Plot Vessel 5 – 10L Optimum conditions: TABLE 1. 6 Fermentation conditions for each Vessels 1 – 5: Parameter Vessel Number Vessel 1 Vessel 2 Vessel 3 Vessel 4 Vessel 5 (10L) pH 7 7 No control 7 7 Agitation Speed (RPM) 150 150 150 150 150 Temp oC No Control 37 37 37 37 Airflow (L/min) 2 No air flow 2 2 2 TABLE 1. 7 Results for antimicrobial peptide activity in 2 L or 10 L ferme nters: Time (post inoculation) Vessel 1 Vessel 2 Vessel 3 Vessel 4 Vessel 5 3:00 (4. 5 hours) No activity No activity Neat Neat Neat; 1:2 14:00 (5. 5 hours) No activity Neat; 1:2 Neat; 1:2 Neat; 1:2 No results 15:00 (6. 5 hours) No activity Neat; 1:2 Neat Neat; 1:2 Neat; 1:2; 1:4;1:8 16:00 (7. 5 hours) No activity Neat Neat;1:2;1:4 Neat; 1:2 Neat; 1:2; 1:4;1:8 9:00 (24. 5 hours) No activity Neat Neat;1:2;1:4 Neat;1:2;1:4;1:8 Neat; 1:2; 1:4;1:8 V. DISCUSSION: In this practical, Fermentation is used to scale testing in laboratory. The fermenters in the Laboratory are based on a batch system, with feeds to control the pH and Oxygen levels and Temperature.All parameters are controlled using sensor probes in the vessels connected to a data logging software system. The vessels 4 and 5 are controls where the optimum environmental growth parameters for the strain are kept. To determine the results obtained in each vessels are as follows: Vessel 1: No antimicrobial peptide activity seen at a ny of the time intervals. This indicates that when temperature is not controlled the temperature can increase significantly. As shows in TABLE 1. 1 History Plot Vessel 1 – 2L NO Temperature control. Vessel 2: No antimicrobial activity seen at 13:00.However antimicrobial activity seen in both neat and 1:2 sample at 14:00 and 15:00. Antimicrobial activity seen in neat sample at 16:00 and 09:00. When air flow is not controlled the reduced air content reduces the rate of fermentation, As Oxygen is required for cell growth and when air is in reduced quantity this slows down rate of cell reproduction as shows in TABLE 1. 2 History Plot Vessel 2 – 2L NO Air Flow. Vessel 3: Antimicrobial activity seen in neat sample at all time intervals. Antimicrobial activity seen in 1:2 sample at 14:00, 16:00 and 09:00.Activity seen in 1:4 for the first time at 16:00 and 09:00. There is greater anti-microbial peptide activity with temperature and air controls which shows that the pH does no t have significant effects as the other two parameters. The fermentation was not affected to the same extent by pH as shown in TABLE 1. 3 History Plot Vessel 3 – 2L NO pH control. Vessel 4: Antimicrobial activity seen in neat sample at all time intervals. Activity seen in 1:2 sample at 14:00, 15:00, 16:00 and 09:00. For the first time see antimicrobial activity in 1:8 sample at 09:00.This shows the three uncontrolled vessels has greater anti-microbial peptide, where in fermentation took place on its fastest rate as all conditions are maintained at most favourable for the organism to grow and reproduced as shown in TABLE 1. 4 History Plot Vessel 4 – 2L Optimum conditions. Vessel 5: (In error no result recorded for 14:00 time interval) Antimicrobial activity seen in neat and 1:2 sample at all time intervals. Activity seen in 1:4 and 1:8 (for the first time) at 15:00, 16:00 and 09:00. The effects produce the highest level of anti-microbial peptide activity of all the syst em.The organism has greater supply of oxygen and nutrients and temperature and pH has a lesser effect due to the larger volume as shown in TABLE 1. 5 History Plot Vessel 5 – 10L Optimum conditions. VI. CONCLUSIONS: In this practical the results was successfully determined that Temperature is the most important parameter to control in relation to microbial growth. Therefore, if temperature was not controlled, NO amount of anti-microbial peptide activity produced by Staphylococcus warneri. While in Oxygen level and pH level if NOT controlled S. warneri will still grow and produced the anti-microbial peptide.