Health Information Technology: Electronic Medical Records Essay

Abstract For years the health care industry has explored methods to improve the way patient information is managed. Electronic medical records were developed to solve many, if not all, issues surrounding paper medical records and the management of patient information. Storage, legibility, accessibility and security of medical records are a few of the areas where electronic medical records excel over paper medical records. Instantaneous access and improved accuracy resulting from electronic medical records can greatly improve a patient’s quality of care, prevent serious harm to patients, and ultimately save lives. Financial aspects play a large role in the implementation of electronic medical records. While there are many cost-saving advantages to electronic medical records, the initial cost of implementation burdens many if not most health care facilities. This burden may prohibit health care facilities from the ability to implement electronic medical records. Overall, physicians and patients agree that electronic medical records will help improve patient care and efficiency. Health Information Technology: Electronic Medical Records For years the health care industry has explored methods to improve the way patient information is managed. Paper medical records are cumbersome and require a lot of storage space and personnel to maintain them. Transferring paper records between health care facilities and professionals is very tedious and time-consuming. To solve many, if not all, issues surrounding paper medical records, electronic medical records were developed. Electronic medical records relieve the issue of large warehouses of storage and tedious transferring of information, as well as many of the other concerns affiliated with paper records. While there are many advantages to electronic medical records, there are also some downfalls, such as the initial cost of implementation and the financial burden this places on healthcare facilities. Storage According to journalist John Csiszar, hospitals and medical facilities have warehouses filled with decades-worth of paper medical records (2012, Storage section, para. 1). Paper medical records not only take up quite a bit of space, they are also not eco-friendly (Csiszar, 2012, Storage section, para. 1). Another drawback of paper medical records is that they deteriorate over time due to paper being degradable and the more a paper record is handled, the faster it deteriorates. This poses major consequences, especially for patients who have chronic medical issues that require multiple reviews of their records. Electronic medical records are far easier to store than paper records. Csiszar states, â€Å"Electronic [medical] records can be stored on computer drives that require much less space and fewer resources to produce† (2012, Storage section, para. 1). Electronic medical records can also be stored and accessed forever, without concern of deterioration, as is associated with paper medical records (Csiszar, 2012, Storage section, para. 1). This is extremely beneficial for health care providers as they are able to review patients’ medical histories repeatedly without risk of deteriorating or damaging records. Legibility It is generally acknowledged that the readability of a hand-written document is dependent upon the penmanship of the writer. Legibility of handwriting varies with the individual. Medical terminology, especially for those unfamiliar with medicine, can be challenging to decipher in paper medical records (Csiszar, 2012, Legibility section, para. 1). This legibility problem can lead to miscommunication among health care providers and grievous errors, which in turn can lead to poor care, harm, and even death of patients. Csiszar notes, â€Å"One of the clear benefits of electronic [medical] records is that typeface is more or less standardized and clear across all records† (2012, Legibility section, para. 1). The clarity provided by electronic medical records saves time for the reader, and time is critical during medical treatment (Csiszar, 2012, Legibility section, para. 1). Improved accuracy resulting from the clarity of communication can prevent serious harm to patients and ulti mately save lives. Access When it comes to accessing a patient’s medical record, paper records are by far the most vexing to retrieve. In order for health care facilities or providers to share patient records with other facilities and providers, paper medical records must be copied and mailed, faxed, or scanned into the computer and emailed (Csiszar, 2012, Access section, para. 1). These processes can be very time-consuming and ultimately affect the outcome of a patient’s condition. Electronic medical records are designed to be easily shared among health care providers, especially providers employed by the same health care company. Electronic medical records can be shared almost instantaneously via electronic transmission or direct access to a computer storage system (Csiszar, 2012, Access section, para. 1). This instantaneous access can greatly benefit a patient’s quality of care, particularly when time is of the essence. Security Both paper and electronic medical records can be problematic when protecting patient privacy. According to the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, three of the most common security risks include: â€Å"(1) the risk of inappropriate access, (2) the risk of record tampering, and (3) the risk of record loss due to natural catastrophes† (2012, para. 2). Risk of Inappropriate Access Regardless of the format of a patient’s medical record, it is always vulnerable to a risk of inappropriate access (Health Resources and Services Administration, 2012, para. 3). For paper medical records, the risk of inappropriate access occurs when individuals gain access to record storage areas, find records left in patient or exam rooms, receive misdirected faxes, or other similar scenarios (Health Resources and Services Administration, 2012, para. 4). The HRSA states, Since access to paper [medical] records implies physical access, securing against inappropriate access is accomplished by segregating records into separate locked storage areas; restricting physical access to storage areas; recording sign in and sign out procedures; and maintaining records handling training and other similar procedures (2012, para. 4). With electronic medical records, inappropriate access takes place in one of two ways: (1) an unauthorized user accesses a patient’s record; or (2) an authorized user violates conditions of the appropriate use policy (Health Resources and Services Administration, 2012, para. 5). According to the HRSA, â€Å"Electronic [medical] records can also be subject to breaches of network security that may allow a hacker to gain access to user credentials and thereby bypass the access control protections† (2012, para. 5). It is important for health care facilities to have strict network access guidelines and security as well as an appropriate use policy that is reviewed by newly hired staff and routinely reviewed by all staff. Risk of Record Tampering Medical records can be manipulated or tampered with in many ways, including changing dates of records, entering fraudulent data, or changing entries. Any individual who has access to a patient’s paper medical record has the ability to remove pages, add or erase entries, or other fraudulent acts (Health Resources and Services Administration, 2012, para. 7). Tracing the origin of altered paper medical records is very difficult and sometimes impossible. Electronic medical records are much more difficult to fraudulently manipulate because the ability to make changes to an electronic record depends on the rights assigned to a specific user. Individuals with privileges to modify data have the ability to add, delete, or change data or entire records (Health Resources and Services Administration, 2012, para. 8). An electronic medical record can also be tampered with by directly accessing information stored on the server using a server account rather than a user account (Health Resources and Services Administration, 2012, para. 8). Fortunately, any access or manipulation to electronic medical records can be tracked and thus is traceable. Identifying the person who may have fraudulently accessed or modified a record is much easier through electronic medical records than through paper medical records. Risk of Loss Due to Natural Catastrophes According to the HRSA, â€Å"Fires, floods or other environmental disasters attack physical locations and can result in the complete loss of both paper and electronic medical records† (2012, para. 9). An advantage to electronic medical records is that they can be continuously backed up to off-site storage. Therefore, the records can always be recovered, even if the physical medical facility is damaged. Financial Aspects In recent years, hospitals nationwide have been faced with immense pressure to implement health information technology systems, such as electronic medical records. According to Jay J. Shen, PhD and Gregory O. Ginn, PhD, CPA, The initiative to implement health information technology has persisted through two administrations. First, during the G.W. Bush Administration, the position of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology was created by executive order in the Department of Health and Human Services. Later, in the B.H. Obama Administration, Congress passed The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (2012, p. 61). The expectation of implementing health information technology is the improvement of hospital performance with regard to cost and quality of care to the consumer and the health care system. The downside of these initiatives is the crushing financial repercussions endured by non-profit hospital systems. Positive Financial Aspects By implementing health information technology, especially electronic medical records, hospitals can reduce the costs associated with quality patient care. Shen and Ginn state, Hospitals should be able to reduce the costs associated with medical errors by identifying harmful drug reactions or possible allergic reactions using the information provided by †¦ [electronic medical records]. Hospitals should also be able to lower costs by facilitating preventative medicine and helping physicians manage patients with complex chronic conditions by utilizing the information provided by †¦ [electronic medical records] (2012, p. 62). Electronic medical records help to increase efficiency and reduce cost by: (1) decreasing the need for medical transcription and physically pulling charts; (2) prompting providers to prescribe generic drugs instead of brand-name drugs; and (3) reducing duplicate diagnostic tests and studies (Shen & Ginn, 2012, p. 62). Electronic medical records contribute to lowered costs while improving the efficiency and quality of care for hospitals, patients, and the entire health care system. Negative Financial Aspects In recent years, only a small percentage of health care facilities have implemented electronic medical records, even though these facilities have the ability to experience substantial cost savings and improvements in quality of care (Shen & Ginn, 2012, p. 62). â€Å"This low rate of adoption is attributed in large part to financial barriers,† states Shen and Ginn (2012, p. 62). Some of the financial barriers contributing to the low adoption rate of electronic medical records include: (1) significant capital requirements; (2) absence of clear evidence showing a positive effect on investment return; (3) high maintenance expenses; and (4) high human resources costs associated with the need for an increased number of information technology staff (Shen & Ginn, 2012, p. 62). Another financial barrier for health care facilities is that although they endure the cost of implementing electronic medical records, the providers and payers experience the financial benefits from the cost sav ings (Shen & Ginn, 2012, p. 62). Physician and Patient Perception of Electronic Medical Records Overall, research shows that electronic medical records have been well-received by the base of physicians and patients affected by their implementation. Sage Healthcare Division, a unit of Sage North America, conducted a study that examined the effect of electronic medical record implementation on physicians and their patients (Healthcare IT News Staff, 2011, para. 1-2). The study indicated that the majority of patients and physicians have a positive perception of electronic medical records (Healthcare IT News Staff, 2011, para. 1). Healthcare IT News Staff specify, â€Å"According to the study, patients felt more comfortable with physicians that used †¦ [electronic medical records], and more importantly, felt that the information contained in the medical record was more accurate when they physically saw information being entered electronically† (2011, para. 3). Betty Otter-Nickerson, President of Sage Healthcare Division, noted, â€Å"†¦ [W]e learned †¦ [that] †¦ patients like to see their verbatim information entered into the record as they said it, not as the doctor interpreted it† (Healthcare IT News Staff, 2011, para. 4). She also noted that patients who participated in the survey said they had greater confidence in providers who used electronic medical records and encouraged their physicians to adopt more connected technologies such as electronic medical records (Healthcare IT News Staff, 2011, para. 6-7). â€Å"†¦ [D]irect feedback from patients gives providers an opportunity to learn how to improve their practices and their patient relationships,† stated Otter-Nickerson (Healthcare IT News Staff, 2011, para. 7). Key Findings * Physicians and patients have a positive overall perception of patient care that was documented electronically (62 percent of physicians and 81 percent of patients) (Healthcare IT News Staff, 2011, para. 5). * Nearly half of patients positively perceived their physician when they were noted to be documenting electronically (45 percent) (Healthcare IT News Staff, 2011, para. 5). * Over half of physicians find real-time access to patient records to be the biggest benefit of using electronic medical records (60 percent) (Healthcare IT News Staff, 2011, para. 5). * One of the most important benefits noted by physicians is the ability to easily share information with other physicians, facilities, and payers (Healthcare IT News Staff, 2011, para. 5). * The majority of patients and physicians agreed that electronic medical records will improve the quality of care in the healthcare industry (78 percent of patients and 62 percent of physicians) (Healthcare IT News Staff, 2011, para. 5). * Both patients and physicians have concerns about patient privacy and the security of electronic medical records (81 percent of patients and 62 percent of physicians) (Healthcare IT News Staff, 2011, para. 5). * The most important benefits noted of electronic medical records were: (1) they give physicians real-time access to patient records; (2) they help physicians securely share patient information with other providers; and (3) they help the physician improve the quality of patient care (Healthcare IT News Staff, 2011, para. 5). Conclusion Electronic medical records are a useful tool in improving patient satisfaction, quality of care, and the efficiency of the health care industry. Electronic storage options relieve the burden of large warehouses and the risk of deteriorating repeatedly viewed medical records. Instantaneous access and improved accuracy resulting from electronic medical records can greatly improve a patient’s quality of care, prevent serious harm to patients and ultimately save lives. The ability to easily identify individuals who may have fraudulently accessed or modified a record helps to protect accuracy of records and patient privacy. Although the initial implementation costs of electronic medical records can be quite arduous, the cost-saving benefits will continue to grow. Patients and physicians agree that electronic medical records will improve patient quality and efficiency of care. References Csiszar, J. (n.d.). Paper vs. electronic medical records. Retrieved November 12, 2012, from Chron: http://smallbusiness.chron.com/paper-vs-electronic-medical-records-40354.html Health Resources and Services Administration. (n.d.). What are the privacy and security risks of electronic vs. paper health records? Retrieved November 12, 2012, from U.S. Department of Health and Human Services: http://www.hrsa.gov/healthit/toolbox/HealthITAdoptiontoolbox/PrivacyandSecurity/securityrisks.html Healthcare IT News Staff. (2011). Study: Patients believe EMRs bring accuracy to their records. Retrieved November 15, 2012, from Healthcare IT News: http://www.healthcareitnews.com/news/study-patients-believe-emrs-bring-accuracy-their-records Shen, J. J., & Ginn, G. O. (2012). Financial position and adoption of electronic health records: A retrospective longitudinal study. J Health Care Finance, 61-77.

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As mentioned by David.I (2009), â€Å"work environment, employee satisfaction and employee turnover are three distinct concepts that are inseparably linked; workplace environments greatly influence employee satisfaction, which in turn directly affects employee turnover rates. Knowing how to use a positive work environment to increase employee satisfaction and reduce turnover is a key to developing a high-performance workforce.† Thirdly, continuous learning within an organization. It is important for an organization to promote and send their employees of different level to attend workshops and courses. This is to allow employees to have an opportunity to learn new skills and to continue to upgrade themselves regardless of their age. Without the right knowledge or skill in a certain organization, employees may not be able to contribute to the organization more effectively. As mentioned by Robert J.V (2006), â€Å"a learning organization embraces a culture of lifelong learning, enabling all employees to continually acquire and share knowledge. Improvements in product or service quality do not stop when proper training is provided to the employees. Employees need to have the financial, time and content resources available to increase their knowledge.â€Å" Lastly, by having attractive benefits and compensation. Pay and benefits are the most important incentives that organization can offer to employees in exchange for a more productivity and quality contribution to the organization. Employees should also be rewarded when they have accomplished a big assignment for their hard work and efforts to the organization as this attractive benefits and compensation will also help booze the employee morale. At the same time, they will feel appreciated by the organization where they may contribute more to the organization in future. If employees are not satisfied with the level of compensation or benefit, they may not be motivated to work and the level of standard for quality and productivity will definitely be low. As mentioned by Rebecca. L (2012),† when your workers feel you’re looking out for them, they’ll look out for you, too, by producing higher quality work and staying in their jobs longer. Providing good benefits packages—which might include retirement, health care or dental plans—is a tangible way to show employees that you value them and their quality of life. Sure, the rising cost of benefits has made offering an attractive package more difficult for small businesses, but there are still ways to offer competitive packages to recruit and retain the best workers while staying within your budget.† In conclusion, â€Å"Human Resource† is the most important asset of an organization as it plays an important role in every aspect .It is the backbone of an organization, without human resource the organization will not be able to function well and may not succeed in the future challenges.

Zombie in Haiti Essay Example for Free

Zombie in Haiti Essay The word zombie has been popular for several decades since it related to sightings and unsolved mysteries. Mostly, people understand that the word zombie is synonym for undead, ghosts, or monsters. Zombies are a bunch or walking dead-people that seek to feed on human flesh and infect any one that has been bitten by them. The definition is generally motion picture-induced or gained from spooky stories among friends. Anyway, the term is considered mostly as make believe tales that is nothing more than a great Hollywood story. Nevertheless, one cannot escape the logic that every tale as an original story behind it, one that is true and has not been tampered with. Within this paper, we are exploring studies and literatures about the origins of the ‘zombie tale’. Various Exposures on Zombie As mentioned before, most people know zombie and define them based on what they see on Hollywood movies. Nevertheless, there are actually quite a number of literatures –both fiction or scientific- that also cover the story on zombies. The first recorded book that exposed zombies to the western culture was the Magic Island, by W.B. Seabrook in 1929. The book, along with other literatures after it until the 1950, described zombie as a mindless thrall controlled like puppets by mystical masters. They could be reanimated corpses or living humans but never an independent character. Despite the fiction-nature of some literatures, the depiction of Zombie and its characteristics are rich in details and explanations. There are even books on how to survive a worldwide zombie outbreak (Allen, 1986). In movies, the tale of Zombies goes way back to the 1930’s. The first movies about zombies have a strong sexual component within it. In 1968 however, the sexual image of zombies has been decreased substantially cause of George Romero’s ‘Night of the Living Dead’ that identified zombies with cannibalism and awful bodily conditions. This is the popular image on zombies in the modern western movies until this day. Movies like ‘Dawn of the Dead’, TV serials like Buffy the Vampire Slayer and music videos like Michael Jackson’s ‘Thriller’ add popularity to the story of zombie as a mindless, flesh-eating monsters (Allen, 1986). Zombie in Haiti With the popularity of Zombie in Hollywood movies and fictional literatures, the impression of seriousness within the zombie concept was almost entirely gone. Scientific minds will almost instantly assume a fictional tone of voice behind any conversations on zombies. Nevertheless, some researchers have actually performed investigations on zombies and the truth about their existence on the planet. One of the most recognized scientific writers on the ‘zombie tale’ was Wade Davis (1988), with his book ‘PASSAGE OF DARKNESS: THE ETHNOBIOLOGY OF THE HAITIAN ZOMBIE.

Destroy Coal Plants Before They Destroy the Environment

Destroy Coal Plants Before They Destroy the Environment Coal has been a huge part of our power industry, but things are changing. The Congressional Quarterly Researcher (CQR) from June 17, 2016 titled Coal Industrys Future discusses the likelihood of coal-fired power plants either maintaining their operation in the future or closing their doors for good. As of today, coal is a huge source of power for much of the world, but that could be changing in the near future. Many places are making the switch to more efficient, cleaner energy, such as wind, water, and solar power, and leaving coal-fired power plants in the dust. Due to the cost and harmfulness of burning coal, supporters of clean energy want to abandon its use, but the coal industry is fighting back. According to them, our power grid would be jeopardized without burning coal. There are numerous smaller issues highlighted in the CQR that exist within the main coal industry problem. For example, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ordered a ten percent reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from all coal plants by the year 2030. Many states and power companies have questioned whether the EPA is overstepping their boundaries and have taken the reduction to court. Also, about 40% of the coal in the United States is mined on public land through leases. The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) controls these leases, and they have currently made the decision to halt new leases. The BLM wants to reassess the value of leases based on things like fairness to taxpayers and pollution. Finally, when the coal companies shut their doors, they leave thousands of people unemployed, and this is a substantial blow to our economy. The coal industry is changing now, but it has always been steadily evolving throughout the past. In 1882, the Unites States first coal-fired power plant is opened in Manhattan. This began the legacy of coal that would power our country for over a century. In 1907, there are roughly 700,000 people employed in coal mines, and the number of mines peak at 3,242. In 1970, the Clean Air Act is passed. This started the long string of regulations to reduce the amount of pollution generated by burning coal. Making the decision to abandon coal for cleaner energy is a difficult decision, and many people have opinions. Among these people is President Elect, Donald Trump. Trump will soon be setting foot in the white house, and, as president, he has the power to drastically change the coal industry. In the QCR, Trump is quoted saying that he wants to bring back and save the coal industry. Siding with Trump is Luke Popovich, a spokesperson for the National Mining Association. Popovich believes that the coal industry can evolve to increase efficiency and reduce pollution. On the other hand is Mary Anne Hitt, the director of the Sierra Clubs Beyond Coal movement. Beyond Coal aims to close the doors of every coal plant in the United States to make the planet a cleaner place. The CQR also includes the question Should the federal moratorium on new coal leases be permanent? and two responses written for the CQR. Jeremy Nichols, the climate and energy program director at WildEarth Guardians, argues yes. He believes that cutting mining from federal lands will greatly reduce pollution and pave the way for a coal-free United States. Laura Sheehan, senior vice president of communications at the American Coalition for Clean Coal Electricity, argues no. In her opinion, an operation such as this would be too costly and would cripple the coal industry and its surrounding economy. All in all, I learned many things after reading the QCR. I think the we should continue to close coal plants. Cleaner, zero-emission alternatives are clearly the better choice because Im a firm believer that we should greatly reduce pollution. Just think. What would our planet look like today if the Romans started burning coal a thousand ago? I am fully aware that this will cause many issues, but its worth it. People will lose jobs, and people will lose money. Despite all this, we need to switch to clean energy because we cannot lose our planet.

Compare and Contrast:Martin Luther King Jr. Essay -- essays research p

Compare and Contrast: To my understanding the letter that Martin Luther King Jr. composed while confined in the Birmingham Jail, is as one with the appeal that was given by David Walker. Both the letter and the appeal were pleas, pleas to the African American race. Not only to African Americans, but to my surprise and yours it was also written to all races suffering from the same injustice. These pleas were strong and very urgent. Our fears then and are still now today have kept our souls and minds in bondage to the immoral likings of others. David Walker so vividly quoted in a statement written before the preamble of his appeal. It is stated as such: I ask every man who has a heart, and is blessed with the privilege of believing-is not God a God of justice to all his creatures? Martin Luther King Jr. also vividly quoted a statement from his letter that was composed while confined in the Birmingham jail it goes as such: we have waited for more than 340 years for our constitutional and God given rights. The nations of Asia and Africa are moving with Jet like speed towards gaining political independence, but we stiff creep at horse- and -buggy pace toward gaining a cup of coffee at lunch counters. A statement also made we can stand and watch our mothers and fathers be beaten and killed for the likings of cruelty or the great need for the feeling of power, does that make us any lesser? Does it make them any greater? David Walkers statement can mean only one thing God cre...

Knights And Chivalry Essay -- essays research papers fc

KNIGHTS AND CHIVALRY Knights were a large part of the Middle Ages. A lot people think that knights are soldiers who were covered in metal, and fought dragons and evil people. Although they were warriors, or soldiers, knights never fought dragons. Knights fought for their king or lord because land was promised to them. To become a knight you had to be born a noble boy and start training at age seven. The boys didn't go to school because he was sent to live with another noble family as a page. A page learned to work with horses and weapons. He also learned manners and to be polite. He ran errands for the noble family. At age 14 a page became a squire to a knight. As a squire you had to serve the knight. By watching the knight the squire learned how to fight and use the weapons to strengthen his body. The squire had to do many things with the knight. If the knight had to go into battle the squire had to go too. When the knight got wounded the squire fixed his wounds. If the knight was in danger the squire rescued him, and if the knight died the squire would setup a proper burial. A squire learned to make and serve meals and was the knight's personal servant. On the squire's 21st birthday his skills would make him a knight. His skills were tested during tournaments. There was a ceremony for the squire when he was ready to become a knight. On the night before the ceremony the squire bathed and put on special clothes. He prayed alone in a church with his weapons. The next day t...

Folk Tale Characteristics in the Legend of Sleepy Hollow Essays

Folk Tale Characteristics in the Legend of Sleepy Hollow The Legend of Sleepy Hollow is one of the most well-known stories in American literature, and with good reason. Throughout his story, Washington Irving uses many stylistic ideas to create a fantastically detailed and descriptive romantic folk tale. Irving begins The Legend of Sleepy Hollow with a vivid description of the setting of his story. Beginning with the Dutch history of the area, he goes on to describe the town as "one of the quietest places in the whole world", with a tranquil brook running through it and the sweet sounds of chirping birds all around (1). Irving delves into the town's history, citing Indian legends which say that the town is "bewitched", and that those who live there often have their eyes and ears play tricks on them (1). His focus in this description is to give the history of a little sleepy town, using an element of romanticism to choose his peaceful, remote setting, and paying special attention to the nature and native legends of the area. He spices up his story with many other examples of this local color, such as the details of Baltus Van Tassel's farm. His land is described as being "one of those green, sheltered, fertile nooks in which the Dutch farmers are so fond of nesting," with elms, alders, dwarf willows, and a well which contained the sweetest, softest water imaginable (5). This description of the land also ties into the traditional romantic technique of having a person's house represent the character of that person. Baltus Van Tassel is directly characterized as "a perfect picture of a thriving, contented, libral-hearted farmer" (5). Si... ... gives him the dancing skills of St. Vitus, patron of the dance. As he is courting Katrina on the dance floor, Brom Bones is left brooding in the corner. This again pokes fun at the traditional sense of romanticism, because one would think that it would be Brom who would be wooing Katrina at the party. Through these tiny, laughable moments in his story, Irving brings a light, playful tone to the drowsy, dreamy, deeply romantic Sleepy Hollow. It is through the ample and skillful use of these stylistic ideas that Washington Irving is able to weave the characteristics of a folk tale such as humor, hearsay, and local color together to create a deliciously romantic story of nature, love, and supernatural events. Irving, Washington. "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow." Ed. Illustrated Arthur Rackham. United States: David McKay, 1928.

Afghanistan War Essay

Afghanistan has been in war with the U. S. mainly because, The Taliban refuses to follow through with the commands that the U. S. gave them, as well as ‘The Three Phases’, Also the planned attack in 2001, but mainly because the U. S. wants the mineral resources that are found in Afghanistan. The Taliban refused to undertake 3 simple tasks: shutting down the terrorist training camps, giving up the Al-Qaeda leaders and returning all American and Foreign citizens, which is part of the reason that we went to war with Afghanistan in 2001. The ‘Three Phases’ started in 1987-present the first phase was to topple the Taliban and destroy all terrorist camps from 1987-1997, the second phase was to defeat the Taliban military and re-build core institutes in the afghan state from 1997- September11, 2001, and the third phase was to turn to counterinsurgency doctrine due to increased military troop presence from 2001-present. America was planning an attack on Afghanistan to start off the third phase but what they didn’t know is that Afghanistan was planning an attack to the Twin towers to get back at the U.  S. for what they did in the past years. The main reason to the war in Afghanistan was to get most of the mineral resources in Afghanistan that are very valuable, and costs lots of money. Afghanistan and The U. S. A. are at war d The Taliban has refused to do the commands that the president of the U. S. (Mr. Bush) told them to do. More than two weeks ago from October 7th, 2001 the Taliban refused to shut down their terrorist camps, give up their leaders, and return all American and foreign citizens. Even though the U. S. s at war with Afghanistan, president Bush set up an arrangement so that afghan people who were suffering from starvation and medical issues could be cured with the droppings of food, medical aid and, clean drinking water so that they can survive and keep the afghan population alive, and for them to know what America can do when other Countries are in a time of need. George W. Bush on Sunday October 7th, 2001 said â€Å"The Military action is a part of our campaign against terrorism†¦We will win this conflict by the patient accumulation of successes, by meeting a series of challenges with determination and will and purpose. (Bush) This quote states that America will do everything in its power to get revenge on Osama bin Laden (Jerry Robinson) the person that President Bush thinks that he was behind the attack of the Twin Towers. Barack Obama dramatically increased the military troop presence in Afghanistan to have a larger force to protect the population from Taliban attacks due to, the ‘Three Phases’. The Three Phases consist of: 1) Toppling the Taliban 2) Defeating the Taliban military and rebuilding core institutions of the afghan state 3) a turn to counterinsurgency doctrine due to the increasing rates of military troops in Afghanistan(Witte). Phase one had lasted from 1979-1989 when soviet troops were withdrawn. Phase two lasted from1989-2001 the forces the United States and its allies had trained and armed now fought each other in complex coalitions for control of Afghanistan. The Third Phase lasted from September 11, 2001-present during Phase three on September 22, 2001 The United Arab Emirates and later Saudi Arabia withdrew their recognition of the Taliban as the legal government of Afghanistan, leaving neighboring Pakistan as the only remaining country with diplomatic ties. o some extent most of the Terrorist camps in Afghanistan were destroyed, and the government was ousted. Also, The Taliban surrendered within two months, much more quickly than expected. The Taliban and al-Qaeda began to regroup in 2003, after the United States shifted its military efforts to fighting the war in Iraq, and attacks on U. S. and NATO troops have continued since. The overall aim now is to ensure a stable Afghanistan that is no longer a hotbed for terrorist organisations. This all happened due to the Three Phases.

Appearance vs. Reality -Macbeth

‘Fair is foul, and foul is fair’, a phrase that has become synonym with Macbeth. It is also the introduction to one of the most important themes of this tragedy: appearance and reality. Shakespeare uses various characters and situations to emphasize this confusion between the real and the surreal, the authentic and the fake, the act and the sincere. In order to discuss this theme, different characters will be looked at: in the first paragraph, the Witches, in the second, Duncan and in the third, Lady Macbeth.Appearance vs.  reality is also seen in the beginning of the play when the witches introduce the quotation, â€Å"fair is foul, and foul is fair,† or what seems good is really bad—Macbeth; and what seems bad is really good—Malcolm flees Scotland when his father dies and looks guilty, but he is only trying to protect himself. The witches' second set of predictions promise Macbeth a long reign. They tell half-truths to give him a â€Å"false sen se of security. † Though the first prediction is true (â€Å"Beware Macduff†), the other two predictions make Macbeth believe he can't be killed.The appearance of the predictions lures him, and the reality behind them destroys Macbeth. The Witches introduce the theme with the infamous phrase â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair† in the first scene. It’s functional for the Witches to say this in the beginning of the book, as they are the start of all the perplexity. They become the core of confusion when they awaken Macbeth’s ambition and transform his perspective of good and evil, making bad things look good and good things look bad. Ironically in connection with this, Banquo warns Macbeth, â€Å"Win us with honest trifles, to betray’s In deepest consequence†.The Witches continue to speak in contradicting language, such as â€Å"lesser than Macbeth, and greater† and â€Å"Not so happy, yet much happier† that adds to the s ense of moral confusion, by implying that nothing is quite what it seems. Banquo’s warning is fulfilled at the end of the play when the Witches had won Macbeth’s trust with prophecies that became true –‘honest trifles’- and then betray him in the things that really mattered, his life and his country -‘deepest consequence’- to win his spirit for hell.Until his death, King Duncan was misled by Macbeth’s false loyalty. When the Thane of Cawdor had been found guilty of being a traitor and was hanged, King Duncan thought so highly of Macbeth, that he gave the title to him. The Thane then ironically dies with pride while Macbeth dies a foe of Scotland. The King was under the impression that Macbeth was a loyal and brave soldier, calling him â€Å"O worthiest cousin†, but Macbeth was actually already planning to kill the King, â€Å"whose murder yet is but fantastical†.Even when Duncan goes to visit Macbeth, he praises the castle’s pleasant environment and hospitality, â€Å"This castle hath a pleasant seat†, but is totally unaware of Macbeth’s plans to murder him. From the first time we meet Lady Macbeth, we get the impression of a strong-willed and bold person, an ideal wife. As the play evolves, Macbeth grows stronger and Lady Macbeth begins to despair, commits suicide and proves to be the antithesis of an ideal wife.She seems to lack conscience, saying â€Å"A little water clears us of this deed†, but towards the end her conscience drives her mad and she sleepwalks, washing her hands and saying â€Å"Out, damned spot! † refering to the blood she imagines to see on her hands as a result of her plaguy conscience. In conclusion, interestingly Macbeth’s first line in the play is â€Å"So foul and fair a day I have not seen†, suggesting Macbeth as the focus of the play’s moral confusion.Within him the conflict between good and evil continue, in t he end driving him to his death. It’s clear to see that Shakespeare identified in life what he saw as the world’s fatal flaw, the inability to distinguish between appearance and reality, using Macbeth as a tool to communicate this. Throughout the play appearances, which are often deceitful, influence the whole plot of the play. It comes out mainly through the way Macbeth saw Kingship as a form of security and prestige but was then faced with even stronger feelings of insecurity and fear.

Perception towards mutual funds Essay

Abstract: Mutual Funds provide a platform for a common investor to participate in the Indian capital market with professional fund management irrespective of the amount invested. The Indian mutual fund industry is growing rapidly and this is reflected in the increase in Assets under management of various fund houses. Mutual fund investment is less risky than directly investing in stocks and is therefore a safer option for risk averse investors. Monthly Income Plan funds offer monthly returns and invest majorly in debt oriented instruments with little exposure to equity. However it has been observed that most of the investors are not aware of the benefits of investment in mutual funds. This is reflected from the study conducted in this research paper. This paper makes an attempt to identify various factors affecting perception of investors regarding investment in Mutual funds. The findings will help mutual fund companies to identify the areas required for improvement in order to creat e greater awareness among investors regarding investment in mutual funds. Introduction A Mutual Fund is a trust that pools the savings of a number of investors who share a common financial goal. The money, thus collected, is then invested  in capital market instruments such as shares, debentures and other securities. The income earned through these investments and the capital appreciation realized is shared by its unit holders in proportion to the number of units owned by them. Thus a Mutual Fund is the most suitable investment for the common man as it offers an opportunity to invest in a diversified, professionally managed basket of securities at a relatively low cost. Monthly Income Plans or MIPs invest maximum of their total corpus in debt instruments while they take minimum exposure in equities. It gets benefit of both equity and debt market. These schemes rank slightly high on the risk-return matrix when compared with other debt schemes. There is considerable amount of research being done regarding investment in mutual funds. However very little research has been done to study the perception of investors regarding investment in mutual funds especially MIP funds. Literature Review Ippolito (1992) states that an investor is ready to invest in those fund or schemes which have resulted in good rewards and most investors’ are attracted by those funds or schemes that are performing better over the worst. Goetzman (1997) opined that investor’s psychology affects mutual fund selection for investment and to withdraw from the fund. De Bondt and Thaler (1985) submitted that mean reversion in prices of stock is backed by investor’s retrogression which is based upon investor’s psychology to overvalue firm’s recent performance in forming future expected results which is also known as endowment effect. Gupta (1994) surveyed household investor to find investors’ preferences to invest in mutual funds and other available financial assets. The findings of the study were more relevant, at that time, to the policy makers and mutual funds to design the financial products for the future. Kulshreshta (1994) in his study suggested some guidelines to the investors’ that can help them to select needed mutual fund schemes. Shanmugham (2000) conducted a survey of individual investors with the objective to find out what information source investor depends on. The results explained that they are economical, sociological and  psychological factors which control investment decisions. Madhusudhan V Jambodekar (1996) conducted his study to size-up the direction of mutual funds in investors and to identify factors that influence mutual fund investment decision. The study tells that open-ended scheme is most favored among other things and that income schemes and open-ended schemes are preferred over closed- ended and growth schemes. News papers are used as information source, safety of principal amount and investor services are priority points for investing in mutual funds. Sujit Sikidar and Amrit Pal Singh (1996) conducted a survey to peep in to the behavioral aspects of the investors of the North-Eastern region in direction of equity and mutual fund investment. The survey showed that because of tax benefits mutual funds are preferred by the salaried and self-employed individuals. UTI and SBI schemes were most preferred in that region of the country over any other fund and the other funds had been proved archaic during the time of survey. Syama Sunder (1998) conducted a survey with an objective to get an in-depth view into the operations of private sector mutual fund with special reference to Kothari Pioneer. The survey tells that knowledge about mutual fund concept was unsatisfactory during that time in small cities like Visakapatanam. It also suggested that agents can help to catalyse mutual fund culture, open-ended options are much popular than any other schemes, asset management company’s brand is chief consideration to invest in mutual fund. Anjan Chakarabarti and Harsh Rungta (2000) emphasised the importance  of brand in ascertaining competence of asset management companies. Shankar (1996) suggested that for penetrating mutual fund culture deep in to society asset management companies have to work and steer the consumer product distribution model. Raja Rajan (1997) underlined segmentation of investors and mutual fund products to increase popularity of mutual funds. Objectives of Study 1. To study the investment pattern of Indian Investor. 2. To find out the awareness level of investors regarding mutual funds. 3. To find the type of scheme of mutual fund preferred by investor. 4. To find out the importance of factors like liquidity, higher return, company reputation and other factors that influence investment decision of mutual fund holder. 5. To find out awareness level of investors regarding Monthly Income Plan fund. 6. To ascertain the most preferred factor for investing in MIP fund. Research Methodology Investor’s main objective is to earn higher returns keeping in mind the risk and liquidity factor. With this objective in mind, an investor is looking out for various investment avenues. Mutual funds offer comparatively better returns and have less risk as compared to direct investment in stock market. In this research paper, an attempt has been made to evaluate the perception of investors regarding mutual fund investment with special emphasis on Monthly Income Plan funds. A survey was conducted in Pune city during the period June 2013 to September 2013. A sample of 150 individual mutual fund investors were surveyed through a pre-tested questionnaire. The investors were selected on the basis of those who have made prior investment in mutual funds and have some knowledge about the basic terminologies involved with mutual funds. An attempt has been made to find out the perception of investors regarding mutual fund investment and to identify the factors considered to be important by the investors before investing in any mutual fund. The awareness level of investors regarding Monthly Income Plan funds and their benefits is also studied.

Bildungsroman in Huckleberry Finn

According to Merriam-Webster, a bildungsroman is â€Å"a novel about the moral and psychological growth of the main character. † Huckleberry Finn is an ideal example for this type of character. Just from his simple changing perception of slaves, especially Jim considering that he lives in such a racist and restrictive society. Huckleberry Finn is an illustration of a bildungsroman because he overcomes many stereotypes and preconceived notions about slaves and blacks. His changing and growing personality is displayed throughout the novel and shapes the theme of tolerance that is shown. Huckleberry Finn’s view of Jim at the beginning of the novel is very typical of what any perception would be of a slave during this time period. He thinks of Jim just as Miss Watson’s slave; not a person and definitely not a friend. However, when he and Jim find each other and go out to the island, this is when Huck begins to see Jim as a person, not just a slave. This was a major step because Huck grew up with the notion that slaves were less than him, and he reversed that stereotype within his mind. When he must make the decision whether to reveal the whereabouts of Jim, Huck states, â€Å"It was a close place. I took . . . up [the letter I'd written to Miss Watson], and held it in my hand. I was a-trembling, because I'd got to decide, forever, betwixt two things, and I knowed it. I studied a minute, sort of holding my breath, and then says to myself: â€Å"All right then, I'll go to hell†Ã¢â‚¬â€and tore it up. It was awful thoughts and awful words, but they was said. And I let them stay said; and never thought no more about reforming. He could have done what he was supposed to and make Jim return to Miss Watson, but instead he goes against what is considered ‘right’ in his society, and does what is right, which is a massive step and this displays how Huckleberry Finn is a bildungsroman. At the beginning of the novel, Tom Sawyer convinces Huck that in order to become one of the ‘robbers gang,’ he must also become â€Å"sivilized† by the Widow. Huck goes along with this situation for some time, until he decides that just because Tom and the Widow want him to, doesn’t mean this is right for him. He goes against the grain of society and leaves, which was quite a bold move for a young boy to make. This is not only an example of bildungsroman, but also is a loss of innocence. Throughout the novel, Huck is constantly exposed to concepts and decisions way past what he should be able to handle. At the end of the novel, Aunt Sally makes an attempt to â€Å"sivilize† him, which Huck rejects after the attempts that the Widow and Miss Watson made. He says, â€Å"I reckon I got to light out for the Territory ahead of the rest, because Aunt Sally she’s going to adopt me and sivilize me, and I can’t stand it. I been there before. He instead decides to keep exploring, but instead go west. Huck defies everything that he knows about society of the time and does what he thinks is right for him, which is monumental for not only a young boy, but any person in general. Bildungsroman is one of the key aspects of Huckleberry Finn and it drives the novel as well as the charac ter. Huck Finn develops and matures throughout the novel in his perception of Jim and his decision to go against the grain of society in the Southern 1830s and 1840s. Huck Finn is an exemplary piece of literature to display bildungsroman and its impact on a story and its characters.

Leading in a Changing world Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Leading in a Changing world - Essay Example McGarvie (2009) suggests that today, leaders should be able to attract multidimensional capital flows, read the roadmap for future innovation and participate in new markets, while effectively leading their organisation and their people. We now live in an era in which short- and long-term mismanagement of our environment, work worlds, economies, political situations, cyberspace, care priorities, family lives and values, natural disasters, and capabilities for mass destruction present new challenges for those who must lead in a changing world (Klein, 2009, Pp. 1 – 5). However, it is important to understand that an effective leader must not only select the right vision and the right strategy for attaining a shared vision for the future, but the leader should also effectively influence followers to achieve a shared vision (Boseman, 2008, Pp. 36 – 37). Although personal traits were emphasised earlier by those who researched leadership, Boseman (2008) suggests that the way in which leaders use leadership traits effectively to influence followers decides about effective leadership. Thus, leading effectively the group to attain a shared vision is important for leaders who must lead in a changing world and it is worth discussing how leaders should lead in a changing world. According to Goethals (2004) and Yukl (2010), organisational research domain often discusses leadership in terms of the use of interpersonal influence exercised in situations and directed, through communications processes, towards the attainment of a specific goal or goals. Thus, effective and practical leadership must emphasise the capacity for influencing followers and follower satisfaction is important. Goethals (2004) goes further to suggest that an effective leader has the capacity for influencing a work group to perform and that transformational leadership is more positively related

CRIMINAL JUSTICE - CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM ASSESSMENT, CONSISTENCY, Essay

CRIMINAL JUSTICE - CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM ASSESSMENT, CONSISTENCY, SENTENCING AND PROSECUTION - Essay Example er only 48% believed that criminal justice system is effective to bring criminals to justice; fewer still believed that the system was able to deal with cases efficiently, and only 26 % believed that the needs of the victims were met by people. 2 So overall, these findings show that people perceive that Justice System treats suspects well yet, it is not always capable to protect the rights of victims. Ethnical minorities however are more confident that their rights can be protected by current criminal justice system, though they perceive that the legal system might be prejudiced to them if they are suspects or witnesses in the case. 3One of the most serious conclusions that can be drawn from British Crime Survey is that the confidence of the victims decreases once they have contacted the police. In order to evaluate the level of confidence of the population in current legal system, BCS of 2000, asked respondents how good the job of various agencies was performed. According to the finding all agencies mentioned in the report had received high rankings, however there was sharp decrease in the level of confidence in the police, whereas the level of confidence in al other agencies decreased less sharply. 4 Apart from evaluating the level of confidence, the survey also provided some insight in the factors that contributed to the decline of confidence. The survey found that men were less confident in criminal justice system than women; those of middle aged were less confident than young men and women. The more educated the person is the less confident he is in the justice and efficiency of the system. However, there was almost unanimous agreement among all groups of people that legal system protected the rights of accused and suspects. 5In spite of the fact that there was some variations in the perception of efficiency of the justice legal system among various groups of population as Black and Asian respondents treat criminal justice system better than white

Allocation of Costs Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Allocation of Costs - Coursework Example For the pharmacy, the allocation is arrived at using the formula: (200/80,000) x $100,000. The other departments’ share of the $100,000 maintenance supply_costs is: $ 79,800/80,000) x $ 100,000 (Finkler et al., 2013). Table 3 (Appendix section) shows the allocation of the maintenance_department administration_costs (Finkler et al., 2013). The costs are allocated using the volume of repairs output of Pharmacy department_and resources. The pharmacy department formula is: (3/800)x$15,000. The formula for the other departments’ share of the maintenance_department’s administration_costs was generated using the formula: (797/800)x15,000=$14,977.00 (Epstein, 2011). Table 5 (appendix section) shows the allocation of the maintenance_department costs (Finkler et al., 2013). The costs are allocated based on the square_feet factor. For example, the maintenance_department’s labor_cost allocated to the pharmacy department was computed using: (2,000/100,000)*192,000.00=

Main plans to turn Motorola around Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Main plans to turn Motorola around - Essay Example As set forth by Crockett and Reinhardt, the first element of his plan was to bolster management, by reviewing performance and then firing the bottom 10% of managers. He then targeted the product line for new development within the mobile phone and semiconductor departments. When Zafirovski came to the company, Motorola had a wide variety of products distributed among its six businesses. His third move was to reassess the portfolio with the objective of determining whether the company should retain all of the businesses or reposition the mix. With those operational and product strategies moving forward, he turned to fiscal concerns. In an obvious move for a company with financial troubles, he sought to cut costs. By reducing the workforce, shutting down some factories, and trimming the number of cell phone platforms, he increase the cash flow of the organization. Finally, he targeted the company's long-term debt for reduction (58). By employing these five broad strategies, Zafirovski was able to increase performance and product lines, focus his team on what was working, and increase the cash-flow and gross profit margins of the organization. As a member of the board of Motorola, the first question is how I would approach the hiring of a successor. With Zafirovski's duties being transferred to the CEO for the moment (Haley 1), it is important that the board move swiftly to replace the operations officer. That said, however, succession planning is an "ongoing and complex endeavor that is necessarily broad in scope. It therefore presents significant barriers to both implementation and long-term maintenance" (Bowley, 6). The board cannot afford to rush the process and take the chance of putting the wrong person in such a key position. Zafirovski's well-planned moves put Motorola into a state of good transition, and the right candidate must be able to consolidate the internal an external relationships of the company. Using key industry contacts and networking with other members of the business community, I would conduct research into finding a pool of qualified candidates. Once I had identified five or six qualified and avai lable people, I would arrange in-depth interviews with them to determine their compatibility with the CEO, mid-level management, and all strategic partners of Motorola. I would also ascertain the candidates' management philosophy and style, as well as ask their opinions of Zafirovski's strategies. I would request that they confirm whether they would maintain the focus set by Zafirovski or, if not, what their strategies might be. Predicated upon the answers I received, I would vote to hire the candidate that presented the best mix of strengths within the parameters I had set. As to keeping Zafirovski's reforms, my answer is an unqualified yes. In two years, his strategies had turned the company around from losses to profits, and positioned Motorola ahead of some of its key competitors, Lucent Technologies and LM Ericsson (Crockett and Reinhardt, 58). The shareholders of the company have to be happy with that

Legitimacy Theory In Brewing And Hotels Sector Essay

Legitimacy Theory In Brewing And Hotels Sector - Essay Example These social contracts may be three-fold; between the society and the state, the society and the businesses and between the state and the businesses. Suchman says that legitimacy is the general view that an entity's actions are desirable, appropriate as well as proper in the light of values, norms, and beliefs within a system that's socially constructed.Suchman further highlights three kinds of legitimacy in organizations. These are; cognitive, moral and pragmatic. Management of legitimacy according to him also faces various challenges like maintenance, gaining and the repairing of it. He also writes that communication is where the management of legitimacy rests. Therefore, while the function of legitimacy is being examined it’s not possible to sideline the corporate communications’ essentiality. It attributes to goals or purposes that a business entity has.It's an issue that's widely linked with issues of corporate governance. Corporate governance is defined as the pow er exercised over business entities with the aim of increasing the value toward its stakeholders. These stakeholders should be accountable for their actions to the society at large to make sure that they achieve these objectives. That's, both to the internal and the external societies. The internal society may refer to issues like workers' protection like adherence to industrial and factory safety measures while the external society is the entire society not involved in the business actions first- hand. (William, 2009)

Religion and Music Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Religion and Music - Research Paper Example People face numerous situations where they are compelled to listen to music whether by choice or without it. Even in our Muslim state no matter where we go we are required to listen to music. Restaurants, department stores, homes, cars there is no place where music isn’t played. With the availability of cell phones, I pods and so many electronic gadgets like these have eased the access to listening to music. It is imperative for us to know that what our religion teaches us about music and to what extent it permits us to listen to it. For this we need to refer to the Quran, Hadith and sayings of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and Prophet’s companions. According to these sources, music has been termed as ‘haraam’ in our religion. Interpreters of the Holy Quran have identified the term â€Å"lahwal hadith’ as listening and singing songs, buying singers and buying instruments for amusement. Sayyidana Abdullah Ibne Mas`ood, a close companion of the Holy Prop het was inquired the meaning of the phrase â€Å"lahwal hadith’ and he answered, â€Å"I swear by Him besides whom there is no other God, that it refers to ghinaa (singing).† It is believed that he repeated this statement thrice and his views have been seconded by the Four Caliphs, the prominent Sahaba and other reliable personalities in Islam. Music is forbidden and also regarded as a major sin in our religion. Playing of musical instruments is also a major sin hence it is haraam to play the guitar, piano, drums etc. Imam Ali ibne Musa Reza says, â€Å"And to be engrossed in musical instruments is also one of the great sins.† (Bhimji) A verse from Surah Luqman in the Holy Quran is often offered as a proof of prohibition of music, ‘And there are among men those who purchase idle talk in order to mislead others from Allah's path without knowledge, and who throw ridicule upon it. For such there will be a humiliating punishment.† The word â€Å"idle t alk’ here refers to the word ‘lahwal hadith’ which has been discussed earlier. This word has been interpreted in two more ways but they refer to shirk (polytheism) and diverting people from Allah’s worship which takes us to the same idea of engaging in prohibited activities. (al-Kanadi) However there are contradicting views that can be found among people and some misinterpret that music is permitted in our religion. The Quran says, â€Å"And verily, We did favor some of the prophets over others, and to Dawood We gave the Psalms†. This verse of the Quran is not a proof for those who consider music being legal. Psalm (Zaboor) was the Holy Scripture that was given to Hazrat Dawood by Allah and it contained teachings of wisdom and talked about Allah’s greatness. Nowhere in the holy book is it mentioned that music or musical instruments are allowed. The truth is that Prophet Dawood was blessed with a melodious voice which was intensely beautiful a nd captivating that when he recited the Zaboor men, birds, animals and jinn gathered around him to listen to his recitation. This in by no means indicate that Zaboor was reveled with musical instruments or talked about music.(al-Kanadi) Some people believe that another verse from the Holy Quran relating to Prophet Ayyub permits music and dancing. Allah the All Mighty, commands Prophet Muhammad in Holy Quran, "And recall Our servant, Ayyub, when he cried unto his Lord, 'Verily, Satan has afflicted me with distress and suffering.' It was said unto him, 'Strike the ground with your foot; here is a spring for a cool bath and water to drink†. Many Sufis have taken the phrase ‘Strike the ground with your foot’ as an act for allowing music and dancing however the tafseer of the Holy Quran re

The value of society in The Misanthrope and The importance of being Essay

The value of society in The Misanthrope and The importance of being Earnest - Essay Example Through such ridicule, each play is able to entertain the upper classes, define some of the values of their society and illustrate where each begins to negate the benefits of such conventions. The characters in â€Å"The Misanthrope† appear almost more like caricatures than like real people. Each one of the minor characters remain fundamentally superficial, concerned more with the importance of manners than with the importance of honesty. The various marquises prove to be more silly than serious and the pompous Oronte has convinced himself that he is a paramount writer, demanding praises from his friends and acquaintances regardless of their true opinions of his verses and even going so far as to sue Alceste for not providing this. â€Å"Cà ©limà ¨ne is a manipulative coquette with a sarcastic tongue and a cold heart. Philinte seems a rather neutral character who †¦ is a piece of dramatic structure thrown in simply to be Alceste’s confidant. Éliante is even less defined† (Hubeart, 1996). However, Alceste, as the title implies, is completely opposite these individuals, going to the extremes to try to tear off the masks of hypocrisy, hidden u nder a veneer of manners that he sees about him everywhere he looks. The women are especially emblematic of the types of hypocrisy against which Alceste struggles. Arsinoe emerges as a frustrated old woman, jealous of the younger woman’s status and ability to flaunt custom, but is not herself brave enough to bypass the strict code of manners and accepted behavior to capture the one thing she wants, Alceste’s love. When she chastises Cà ©limà ¨ne for her shocking behavior and gossip, Cà ©limà ¨ne tells her â€Å"There’s a season for love and another for prudishness, and we may consciously choose the latter when the hey-day of our youth has passed—it may serve to conceal some of life’s disappointments† (Act III, scene iv). In this speech,

Global Financial Crisis Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Global Financial Crisis - Article Example The article further claims that financials problem could be avoided if people could have adopted the current economic models. Depending on the article's argument, financials problems have been brought about by people negligence. States have been neglecting the economic models which can help in resolving the economy. Currently, most of the states depend on others in order to get enough supply of goods and services. Many, countries have their foreign policy which governs their relationship with other states. The lack of an international organization to bring about a general foreign policy to govern all states as led to the lack of corporation in terms of international business. Conflict exists between some states, and this makes it difficult for the international business to take place. Due to increasing level of transnational and globalization activities countries needs to interact and share business difficult importation and exportation of products. The article states that the proble m will affect the livelihood of people in all corners of the world, and this is because people move to other states to seek employment and perform business. When one country is affected, it means that the whole world will be affected (Shah 2013). It is true that I am persuaded by the reading in this article because I have seen it happening. From the time to time, foreign currencies change their market status from being stable to unstable and vice versa (Shah 2013). The level of globalization has increased and without inclusion of the current economic model a country’s economy can decline. Those economic models which could have prevented financials crisis include qualitative models, stochastic and non-stochastic model.  

Lifespan Development Psychology Paper Essay Example for Free

Lifespan Development Psychology Paper Essay Lifespan Development Paper When studying the Lifespan Developmental stages throughout Chapter 1 of our textbook, I began to realize that I have traveled down some of the same common paths as my personal idols. Although most were dead long before I was ever conceived, I find it rather fascinating. The textbook states that Lifespan perspective is defined as lifelong, multidimensional, multidirectional, plastic, multidisciplinary, and contextual, and as a process that involves growth, maintenance, and regulation of loss. The human life expectancy has truly surpassed all other living animals from a house mouse that has a life span of a measly 3 years, to an Indian elephant that can live to be 70 years. Jeanne Calmet, who was the oldest living person, was born in Arles, France was born February 21, 1875 and died August 4, 1997. She was 122 years and 164 days old at the time of her death. Although most would love to live as long of life as Mrs. Calmet, that is somewhat unrealistic. The average life expectancy for people living within the United States of America is 78 years of age. That is a humungous leap from the average life expectancy of a man who lived during the Pre-historic which was the early age of 18. People go through many different changes as the world is ever changing. There are three different types of influences which include: 1) normative age-graded influences, 2) normative history-graded influences, and 3) nonnormative or highly individualized life events. Examples of normative age-graded influences are things that people of the same age go through together. Let’s take my twin sister and me as an example. At the early age of 1, we both began walking with 2 weeks of one another. Although not at the same time, we both were starting our menstrual cycles both at the age of 11 years old. In life we will experience menopause around the same time, and possibly even retirement within a short time between each other. Examples of normative history-graded influences would be people who have experienced history changing events with one another. How about two mothers who may live on the opposite sides of the United States, but both lost children as a result to fighting over in Afghanistan. They will never know one another but they will have a similar bond because they went through a similar event. Another would be the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Even I will never forget where I was and what I was doing on that fateful day. Lastly, examples of nonnormative or highly individualized life events could be anything from hitting it rich with the lottery, to an unexpected, devastating event like Hurricane Katrina. It may not have happened to all of us, but it influenced us all in different ways. When I began reading the part in Chapter 1 that was titled, â€Å"Women’s Struggle for Equality: An International Journey†, I was truly astonished by the figures. It is sad when I look around my neighborhood, and think that one in every six of these homes, a person is/was abused by their partner. Last weekend, my 10 year old son and I witnessed physical abuse as a girl was being drug as she was attempting to get into the passenger side of a vehicle while at our local Burger King. Then the teenage boyfriend began slapping her. My son and I were panicking to help this young girl whom we didn’t even know. I immediately called 9-1-1 and reported it to the authorities. The police arrived before we even left the parking lot, and I pray that this girl knows her worth in life, and realizes that she deserves better than that. The story in our textbook about Doly Akter, who is only 17 years of age and has lived her life in the slums of Bangladesh, is stepping out to do her part to help make her community a better one. She has created a club that is sponsored by UNICEF and goes door to door to monitor the hygiene and health of her neighbors. With her help, along with others that are a part of this phenomenal club, they are already seeing a major improvement in people’s health and hygiene. To make this story even better, she is talking to parents of girls to explain that arranged child marriages are not always in the best interest of these young ladies and staying in school will improve the lives of these girls. Health care in America has done amazing things for their citizens but still has a long way to go. I don’t want to imagine that when I become older, I only have a 52% chance of receiving the recommended proper care to treat something as important as heart disease. Along with the government regulated Medicare, and improper care for the millions of senior citizens in the United States, I can only hope that it gets better and fast to help these people. With the (2) factors that show that today’s senior citizens need our help more know that decades earlier, it should be our duty and privilege to help them. Going to your local Senior living facility and seeing the many, who have no spouses still living, or no family to talk to, they are forced to go through their later part of life, not really communicating with others.

Community Service Project Essay Example for Free

Community Service Project Essay In order to graduate some people feel as if teens should have a community service project. Should they have a community service project? As like many things doing a community service project can have some good things to it like for instince helping others at free will with no money or keeping teens out of trouble. But we have found more bad reasons to this rather than fiinding good ones. Here are some of these reasons, like many people in this world most teens do not have transportation and not havinig transportation is a bad thing it could result in people not getting what they need to get done. Think if teens do not have transportation how will they be able to do their community service project? Some more supporting reasons on why we should not have a community service project is what if the teens have a job that they have to go to as soon as they get out of school? Most teens are out here working and may not be able to fit this time consuming project in to their schedule so therefor it would be very stressful for them because they would not be able to get it done and they would probably fail which would not be good because most teens have plans for college and what about supervision during this project will the students be supervised? Who would watch the teens and acually make sure they actually do their community service project instead of faking it. We would end up needing some people from the school to make sure that they actually did their project instead of faking it and what about safety issues? Some one could get hurt doing their project and no one would know it unless we had them supervised. Which is another reason of why doing this community service project would be a bad idea. Sometimes people also get very sick and can not move around that well. If someone is sick they will not feel like doing much moving around. So how would they do their community service project if their really bad off they would not be able to. Most teens also would not want to do this project because it is time consuming and would take time off of their own time and they would not be able to spend time with their family like they hope to do on the weekends that their off of school. A lot of teens out here have health issues going on or some problems in life that they may be facing so it would definitly be very stressing if they could not get it done. Also what about the school would they be willing to do the project during school they probably would not be able to fit this in their schedule. In my personal opinion I think that this would not be a good idea because there is way too many bad reasons rather than good reasons for this community service project and people would have a lot of issues getting it done and it would make it very hard and stressful on them. So should teens have a community service project? No because there is to much bad ideas on this project.